Class-2 Science Olympiad (Plants)

                                                      

Class-2 Science Olympiad (Plants)

      Helpful in SOF, Silver Zone , Crest and Other Leading Olympiad Examination

 Introduction :-  Plants are living things . They are mostly in green color. They need Sun light , air, minerals, Carbon Dioxide ,water and soil to grow. Plants are the lifeline for other living things . 

                We get food , Oxygen , flower and other products from plants . 

           

A. Trees : -  

 1. Trees are big , hard , tall and strong plants . 

 2. They have hard , brown or dark colored woody stem called as Trunk. Trunk is covered with a hard skin called as Bark . 

3. The trunk is divided into branches to the upside and make a crown like structure.

4. The branches are end up with leaves , flowers and fruits .

5. Trees are very large in size and can be home for birds , and small animals.

6. Examples :- Neem, Mango , coconut , Teak .

B. Small Plants :- Small plants are divided in to sub category , they are 

 a . Shrubs :-  1 . Shrubs are the plants smaller than tree . They have strong woody stem and branches.

2. The stem of shrubs may be brown or green color . 

3. The branches of shrubs are grown near to the ground . 

4. Their life is for few years . 

5. Example : - Rose, Sunflower , Cotton and hibiscus . 

b. Herbs :- 1. Herbs are smaller than shrubs and they are weak plant .

2. Their stem is green in color .

3. Herbs has small life span. Many vegetables and spices are in the family of herbs.

4. Example:- Coriander,  spinach , mint , rice and rosemary .

c. Creepers :- 1. Creepers are the plants having weak stem with thin branches . 

2. Generally they grow along the ground.

3. The bear heavy and large fruits . 

4. Example :-  Pumpkin , Watermelon and Muskmelon .

d.  Climbers :- 1. Creepers are the weak plant which need support to grow up right .

2. They need support stick, Wall or other plants to grow along with them . 

3. Example :-  Grape Vine , Money Plant , Pea and Bean .

                                                    Parts Of A Plant

Stem :- Stems responsible for circulating foods to all the parts of the plant . It also give strength to the whole plant and take all the load i;e Branches , Fruits , Flowers and leaf etc.

Root :- It keeps the plant intact with the ground . It is responsible for absorbing minerals and water from the soil . It is the support of Plant .

Leaf :- Leaf makes food for the plant by using the Light from Sun , Water through roots and stems . The food is produced due to the presence of Chlorophyll . The food produced y the plant is Glucose . It is used for the growth of the plant .

Fruit :-  The extra glucose of the plant after the growth is stored in the fruit . due to this reason the fruits are sweet in taste .  The seeds insides the fruit are grow in to new plant . They are produced from flowers . 

Flower :- Flowers are grown from buds and produce fruit .

Bud :- Buds develops flowers .

                                           Things we get from Plants

In our daily life directly or indirectly we are fully depend on plants to survive . For our food, furniture, house making we depend on Plants . We get Oil, Food, Wood , Rubber , Medicine , paper , Gum and many other things from Plants .  Lets discuss the things we are getting from plants .

Food :- 

Cereals:-  Cereals are the grains . Cereals are good source of carbohydrate .  Some grains are boiled and others are ground to make fluor for eating . The examples of Cereals are :-   

  Rice  , Wheat , Oats , Millet 

Pulses :-  The pulses are good source of Protein . They are  Green gram(moong), brown gram, soyabean, kidney bean (Rajma).

Spices :- To make our food tastier and colorful we use spices . Some some spices are also used to make medicine . Spices also boost our immunity .  The examples of  spices are :- 

Chili , Cardamom , turmeric , Black Pepper , Clove , Cinnamon  

Beverages :-  Beverages are any drink other than water . they are Tea , Coffee , Cocoa and sugar . Tea made from dried leave of tea plant. coffee made from coffee beans. Sugar made from sugarcane Juice. Chocolate made from cocoa fruit seed .

Nuts :-   Nuts are the seeds . Nuts may be roasted , fried or consumed directly . these are very helpful for physical and mental growth. The help us to grow good cholesterol in our body. They are : - Cashew , Almond, Peanut , walnut , Pistachios .

Oil :-  Oil is used to cook food . It is also use to apply on hair and body . In some cases oil is used as lubricant and lighting the torch . The oil is made by crushing the seeds of the plants rich in oil . They are :-  Almond, Mustard , Sunflower , Coconut .

Medicine :-  Some plants have Medicinal quality . Tulsi and Eucalyptus leaves are used to cure cough and cold . Neem leaves are used to cure skin disorder . Clove are used to treat tooth aches . 

Rubber :-  Rubber are used to make eraser , tires balls and Pipes . rubber are made by extracting Latex(milky sap) from  the Rubber tree . 

Paper :- Paper used for various office work, books and copies . Papers are made from bamboo tree , and also other plants plum. 

Gum :-  Gum is used to stick the objects. Gum is extracted from Acacia tree or Kikar tree. The liquid is used to make glue. 

Fiber :- Fibers are extracted from Plants to make Shirts, Ropes , bags and other accessories  for our daily use . the plants from where we get fiber are Cotton , Jute , Coconut . From Cotton shirts , handkerchief , towels are made . From Jute plant we can make bags , ropes etc.  

Perfumes :- Perfumes are made from the flowers like Roses , Lavender , Jasmine . The extract of the flower is concentrated and used as perfumes .

Wood :- Wood from plants are used to make House, Furniture, Boats etc . The plants from where we get wood are Teak , Sal , Deodar and mahogany .

                               Other Benefits Of Plants 

1. Plants Gives Oxygen for the survival of the all living beings.

2. Plants keeps air cool and fresh .

3. Plants roots keeps the soil tight and helps to soil loss due to water flow during rainy season.

4. The tree shed is very helpful during summer . 

5. The flowers are used to decorate the house .

6. Color and dyes are made from plants and flowers .

7. Plants are responsible for rain .

8. Fallen leaves of the tree are decomposed and used as fertilizer for the growth of the plant.

9. Many animals  and birds are living on the branches of tree .

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